This chapter demonstrates the importance for insurance and pension companies of correctly measuring mortality and life expectancy. The analysis focuses on mortality at higher ages (65–95), in line with an interest in pension-related applications where the risk associated with longer-term cash...

Longevity insurance benefits are deferred annuities that start payment at an advanced age at which a substantial proportion of the birth cohort has died. In high-income countries, that would mean that these annuities would start for people in their early 80s, but when social security programs...