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The paper aimed to estimate the effects of the 2013 new fiscal policy, by broadening the taxation basis of agricultural incomes on almost all types of crops and animal species as well as on small farmers represented by unauthorized and authorized natural persons. Public statistical data of the...
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The economic crisis triggered by the COVID–19 pandemic once again raises doubts about the eurozone's ability to deal with joint economic problems given its dissimilar dynamics and asymmetries. This chapter contributes to a paradigm shift in the governance of the euro area towards a more...
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For majority of people, pensions are the most important income replacement benefit, when the ability to work is reduced … income in retirement. Hence, the paper focuses on old-age pensions and highlights potential national and mobility linked …
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the potential benefits of mixed systems in which a PAYG system with notional accounts is complemented by a funded pensions … not clearly depend on the relative importance of PAYG over funded pensions systems, suggesting that other factors are even …
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solidarity (Chile). Several countries that privatized their pensions have introduced parametric reforms (Colombia, Costa Rica …
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