This paper reviews and summarizes the literature that has concentrated on budget consolidations and their fiscal and economic effects. The issue of fiscal adjustments has again gained importance due to the recent economic crisis and the resulting fiscal imbalances. The existing literature shows...

Start-up incentives targeted at unemployed individuals have become an important tool of the Active Labor Market Policy (ALMP) to fight unemployment in many countries in recent years. In contrast to traditional ALMP instruments like training measures, wage subsidies, or job creation schemes,...

Abstract: Since unemployment rates began to rise in the mid-1970s, reducing unemployment has become a central political challenge in Germany and other European countries. Despite the current improvement of the labor market situation and decreasing rates in Germany, unemployment is still one of...