This paper investigates empirically rm investment behavior in research and development (R&D). Firms make investments in R&D in order to produce innovations. These innovations in turn improve the rm s future productivity level, pro tability and incentives to invest in R&D. Using German rm-level...

New ventures stemming from universities and public research institutions have attracted increasing amounts of interest in the field of innovation politics over the last few years. Significant contributions to knowledge and technology transfer is expected from academic spin-offs, who are seen as...