Professional Cooperatives (FPCs) in China is decentralized to individual farmers. However, there is a trend that the decision … sources, FPCs initiated by farmers are more inclined to introduce centralized decision-making. The governance structure of …

cooperatives. Econometric analysis is used to analyze the determinants of credit access. Results suggest that access to subsidized … supplier of financial and investment resources could be a banking system and such non-banking credit institutions as credit … credit has a significant role in determining access to bank credits and investment activity of agricultural enterprises …

This paper examines how farmers producing differentiated quality products choose different governance structures in a … double markup determines the attractiveness of cooperatives compared to IOFs. …

agricultural co-operation, professional associations and the role of cooperatives in the development of agriculture. Also, the …

organizing they belong to (associations, cooperatives or producers groups), have established democratic rights. Agricultural …

empirical evidence, based on panel time series and time series data, shows that more broad access to financial and credit … only because the poor can invest the acquired credit in all sorts of productive activities, but also because those with … extreme inflation rates. The main implication of the results is that a seemingly non-distortionary policy, such as more credit …

This article evaluates the impact of a land certification program on credit market outcomes in rural Vietnam. We … hypothesize that the representation of property increases households' participation in formal credit markets. We compare credit …