The financing of agricultural producers is one of the most acute problems along the entire scope of economic reforms in Kazakhstan. The issue is: What kind of financial sources could maintain the development of agricultural production? Internal sources such as profit, depreciation capital, and...

We empirically analyze the competition between a relationship lender and a transaction lender in the credit business with micro and small entrepreneurs. Drawing on a data set about the customers of the relationship lender ProCredit Ecuador combined with data about all other loans of these...

This paper examines the role of collateral in the rural credit market of an emerging country. Due to opaque information and weak enforcement, the need for collateral is expected to be high. However, rural households usually lack adequate assets to pledge as collateral. How is this puzzle solved?...

This study analyses the relationship between social capital accumulation and the amount of rural credit market contracts of the State of São Paulo, Brazil. The most important definitions of social capital found on literature and the main ways of creation and measure this variable were reported....

The paper aimed to estimate the effects of the 2013 new fiscal policy, by broadening the taxation basis of agricultural incomes on almost all types of crops and animal species as well as on small farmers represented by unauthorized and authorized natural persons. Public statistical data of the...

Cucumber is found amongst vegetables grown for 3000 years and is of particular importance because of its nutritional value with a very low caloric intake. Cultivation of cucumbers is one of the most widespread in our country and can be consumed in both crudest and preserved state. In the present...