production technology and utility functions, interregional trade pooling, concave-shaped iceberg transport costs, the Armington … wider effects of strategic transport and land use development options. We examine the insights afforded by a SCGE model … relative to those provided by existing land use and transport models into the effectiveness of transport and land use …

employment. Innovations in transport technologies and in information and communications technologies have radically reduced the … costs of trading goods and have also made an increasing share of services tradeable. We propose a tractable micro … services which exert an agglomerative force and trade costs and comparative advantage which act as dispersion forces. …

policies. We develop a two-country model with many sectors. In each sector, producers vary in terms of their marginal costs … given national competition policy. Because of trade costs and perceived differences in qualities between domestic and …

competition. Cooperation between government reverses this effect. For sufficiently low (high) online shopping costs, welfare in …

shows that increasing urban manufacturing congestion costs do not necessarily imply a reduction of a city's health as well … congestion costs. …