This paper presents a counter-factual model identifying Average Treatment Effects (ATEs) by Conditional Mean Independence when externality (or neighbourhood) effects are incorporated within the traditional potential outcome model. As such, it tries to generalize the usual approach, widely used...

A Structural Marginal Model and Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighting (IPTW) estimation strategy is proposed in a dynamic 2-dimensional treatment setting in order to identify and estimate both the direct and the indirect average treatment effects of a policy over time. This approach is used...