substitution is low, then GDP, productivity and wage growth may however still slow down, because the economy will then fail to …, productivity, and GDP. …

productivity (TFP) growth based on data for 130 countries. It finds that there is a strong correlation between TFP growth and one …

Over the last decades there has been a sizeable increase in trade and financial openness, triggered by current and … either directly the evolution of trade costs over time or the sensitivity of trade flows to distance in gravity models. In … their survey of the empirical trade literature, Leamer and Levinsohn (1995) conclude that the effect of distance on trade …

reached and the trend is increasing, as it can be seen from the trade balance for cereals. …

reached and the trend is increasing, as it can be seen from the trade balance for cereals. …

primarily interested in the presence and magnitude of spillovers but imposes a rigid ad hoc structure on the channels these can … factor approach which accounts for R&D spillovers without imposing any arbitrary structure on their nature and channels. At …, pointing to the presence of knowledge spillovers. Further, our estimations suggest that when ignoring the presence of …