-as then firms want to limit the competition in the toll stage by setting lower capacities-or when firms set capacities one … capacities. In our Stackelberg competition, the firms that act last have few if any capacity decisions to influence. Hence, they … are more concerned with the toll competition substage, and set a higher volume/capacity ratio than the public operator …

of competition, remains unaffected by entry, as well as by market-size shocks. As a consequence, the competition effect …: (i) a competition effect, which stems from the market interactions between producers of intermediate inputs, and (ii) a …/complexity and competition) do matter in shaping market outcomes. The other findings of the paper are as follows. First, we obtain a …

We develop a theory of economic disintegration that features both endogenously formed tax and trade policies. We show …

Chinese five national key construction urban agglomerations' pecuniary externality was market size, that meant to pursue … larger market size was one main motivation in forming Chinese urban agglomerations, but the inter-urban capital allocation … did not show a trend of shifting to cities with higher labor productivity. (c) The key factor for Chinese five national …

We introduce a model of asymmetric competition where two network operators with different investment costs may build an … operator is allowed to enter the market or not, standard access regulation leads to broader infrastructure coverage than co …