I use game-theoretical models to compare a sender's expected payoff under two methods of wielding influence under incomplete information: offering rewards or threatening punishments. Attempts to influence another's behaviour can have the perverse effect of actually encouraging the behaviour that...

The focus of this paper will be on the role played by post-"Brexit", "Global Britain" in the face of the continuing conflict in Ukraine. Emphasis will be placed upon the background of public opinion and the current political climate in the UK and on how Britain's role on the international scene...