This chapter investigates the relationships between banks in different countries through an empirical study based on interviews with the six leading Nordic banks and the Swedish export credit agency. The authors find that although all six banks have significantly reduced the number of...

The era of telecommunications 4.0 is a challenge to regulators and operators insofar as external environment, technology (such as SDN and NFV), and consumers' requirements have changed. This paper's main objective is to introduce and discuss several issues around the implementation of network...