We measure country welfare by an index number calculated from welfare components like GDP per capita and expected length of life. We rank countries from high to low welfare using such estimated welfare indices. In such calculation the chosen welfare components, the procedures used to normalize...

In the spirit of the deregulation movement, Japan is also faced with an gAsia Open Sky h agreement which favours aviation liberalization in international services. This means an end to Japan's aviation policy of isolation. In association with this policy change, also environmental concerns grew...