Economic measures are advanced to environmental problems in EU nations. The economic approach imposes a constant economic load on activities negatively affecting the environment, and it is also a technique for giving a constant profit for activities conserving the environment. The whole society...

Though the international laws are applicable not only to the real world but also to cyberspace, the Internet is vulnerable against cyberattack, because it is fairly difficult to identify the real actor, when the attack is made by "bots" or through anonymization methods(attribution problem). As...

The shared bicycles had become an important choice for Beijing citizens to travel "the last kilometer" on a daily basis. By replacing buses and cars, sharing bicycles can reduce urban carbon emissions, and only occupy a small area of parking space, thus improving urban land use efficiency. A...

Non-condensable gases (NCG) in condensing geothermal flash plants have negative effects as they reduce heat transfer and thus deteriorate vacuum in condenser. Therefore, it is necessary to evacuate the condenser by vacuum pumps which substantially increases the parasitic load of the plant....