homogeneous and heterogeneous panel data estimators to a Spatial Panel Error Correction Model (SpECM) for regional output growth … equation, the empirical results support the hypothesis of export- and FDI-led growth. We also show that for export and outward …

The present study aims to verify whether the balance-of-payments constrained growth approach is suitable for explaining … the Portuguese growth performance during the last decades. For that, we adopt "Thirlwall's Law" that predicts actual … growth by the ratio of the exports growth relative to the income-elasticity of the demand for imports. The income …

has important implications for economic growth, whereas the former is decisive for the location of economic activity as … emphasized in the New Economic Geography (NEG) literature. Both growth and agglomeration processes are, however, themselves … interlinked, since technological spillovers, being the engines of endogenous growth, are often localized. This linkage has …