This paper provides a nuance picture of the mechanisms through which temporary and permanent spatial co-location simultaneously sustain firm's innovation. Using a large sample of footwear clustered firms, results suggest that, on the one hand, intra-cluster Vertical relationships contribute to...

Blockchain technology is firmly established in the public awareness as a revolutionary new technology underpinning cryptocurrency. However, its potential applications can be found across sectors and industries in providing a novel way of producing coordination necessary to transact online,...

I analyse firms organisational choices when they face uncertainty about institutional conditions in foreign locations with heterogeneous final good producers and incomplete contracts. As firms learn about the conditions abroad, the increasing offshoring activity increases competition in the...