We analyse free-riding behaviour of Finnish municipalities prior to voluntary municipal mergers. The merger process creates a temporary common pool problem, because of a delay from the initial decision to the actual merger during which municipalities stay autonomous. Using a...

Biogas is considered to be an important source of renewable energy, the production of which is on a continuous rise and which can be decisive for the elimination of fossil fuels by 2050. To reduce the negative impact of human actions on the environment, we must take measures urgent for...

According to the official document of Romania's energy policy for the period 2020-2030, with a view to 2050, the main objective of the strategy is to increase the energy sector in conditions of sustainability by setting targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and promoting renewable...

Social preferences for the punishment of free riders are critical for generating cooperative behavior in human society. Focusing on the receiving fees of Japan's public broadcaster, this study analyses how punishment of free riders, that is, the strengthening of legal responses against them,...

The n total consumers in the market for a particular good are made up of b brown and g green consumers so that b+g=n. The b brown (g green) consumers are not (are) environmentally conscious and hence they prefer to buy a new (remanufactured) good denoted by N and R respectively. By strategically...