We study the effects of financial sanctions on cross-border credit supply. Using a differences-in-differences approach to analyze eleven sanctions episodes between 2002 and 2015, we find that banks located in Germany reduce their positions in countries with sanctioned entities by 38%. The...

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) as a social approach to business organization has been the subject of scientific research since 1953 when Howard Bowen published "Social Responsibilities of the Businessman." In this conventional approach to CSR, this concept has a voluntary character...