This paper consists of two distinct, yet connected parts. In a previous paper an overview of Roma history in Austria has been presented (Leoni, 2004). The present study can be regarded as a case study that integrates this earlier paper with empirical information1. The largest Austrian Roma...

This study quantifies the achievement gap between Roma and non-Roma students in Hungary and assesses the potential causes of the gap. According to reading and mathematics test scores measured in eighth grade, the gap is substantial. Its magnitude is similar to the gap between African American...