In this paper we explore the nexus between cross-border trade integration and monetary policy. We first review the evidence that trade liberalization has increased the degree of integration in North America and conclude that, while robust structural inferences remain elusive, there is sufficient...

Introduction: What’s a Money Doctor? -- Money Doctors in the Medieval/Pre-Modern Period -- Is Oda Nobunaga the Final Champion of the Medieval Era or A Pioneer of the Early Modern Era? -- A Money Doctor in the 16th Century Japan -- Johan Palmstrüch, A Copper Money Doctor: Stockholm Banco and...