Knowledge-based capital is a key factor for productivity growth. Over the past 15 years, it has been increasingly recognised that knowledge-based capital comprises much more than technological knowledge and that these other components are essential for understanding productivity developments and...

We examine the relationship between the choice of steelmaking technology and energy prices in Germany using data beginning 1970. The analysis indicates that technology choice began to cointegrate with comparative energy prices in the early 90s. The short and long-run effects of energy prices are...