We examine the relationship between the choice of steelmaking technology and energy prices in Germany using data beginning 1970. The analysis indicates that technology choice began to cointegrate with comparative energy prices in the early 90s. The short and long-run effects of energy prices are...

Competition in the U.S. appears to have declined. One contributing factor may have been heterogeneity in the availability of credit during the financial crisis. I examine the impact of product market peer credit constraints on long-run competitive outcomes and behavior among non-financial firms....