This work investigates the relationship between proxies of innovation activities, such as patents and trademarks, and …

China has surpassed the United States in patent applications and has become world leader. Strong patenting activity … by electronics manufacturers. State-owned firms spend more on R&D per patent, but hold fewer patents per researcher than … patent holders. Furthermore, the paper examines what drives patenting activity. Higher R&D spending by the firm and higher …

Intellectual property protection mechanisms (IPPMs) are critical to fostering innovation and their relevance has grown …

combine R&D investments with patent data of the world top R&D investors worldwide and show that investment per patent varies … then use these to test some arguments that have become central in the innovation literature. In particular, we first … determining R&D per patent investments, economies of scale in knowledge production, and the cost of (further) specialization …

The way firms finance their investments can potentially explain the heterogeneity of firms in terms of their innovation … between finance and innovation of EU firms. We identify seven financing clusters to show that the degree of innovativeness …