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maintains progressive personal income tax rates, gradually withdraws low-income support and provides additional benefits for low …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012202861
, with often a low pension. Moreover, South Africa has a dual, public and private, health care system. Half of the country …’s health-care spending goes to the private sector, which covers only 16% of the population. Moreover, the health care system … fails to deliver affordable quality services. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the unequal distribution of health care …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012304421
further adjustments to the system to enhance its well-being benefits for both the NZ-born and immigrants. This Working Paper …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012111106
Viet Nam has made significant progress in expanding social insurance coverage in recent years. However, coverage amongst small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) remains very low and very few workers in this sector are expected to receive a pension in retirement. Drawing on two datasets for...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011975849
The Dutch labour market has recovered and the unemployment rate has been converging towards pre-crisis levels. Non-standard forms of work have expanded with a strong trend towards self-employment and an increased reliance on temporary contracts. These developments may reflect a preference of...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011995795
by more diffuse handicaps, like discrimination and imperfect knowledge of the languages of Belgium. Improving the labour …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011398815
Israel is a young country with still dynamic population growth, but it is already beginning to face the consequences of population ageing. The pension system relies largely on mandatory private retirement saving, which will moderate the long-term fiscal impact. Yet, there are questions about the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011577708
The generous Danish welfare state relies on a high degree of labour force participation both for financing and in order to ensure social cohesion. This underlines the need for getting work incentives right and improve the employability of vulnerable groups of workers, in particular migrants....
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011577983
Higher living standards and well-being, as well as convergence with more advanced economies, will depend on achieving higher productivity, which in turn would be boosted by more investment in capital. In particular, investment in knowledge-based capital and greater inward FDI can help Slovenia...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011823619
Owing to past structural reforms, Costa Rica has enjoyed robust GDP growth and productivity levels are gradually converging towards the OECD average. However, large GDP per capita and productivity gaps persist. In addition, not everyone has benefited from this growth. Inequality has increased...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011914254