challenges the traditional way of measuring countries’ export performance and hence international competitiveness. As a result of … growing production fragmentation, a country’s export bundle nowadays incorporates imports of intermediate goods representing a … competitive position of a country. This paper discusses the export performance of countries along the value chain by …

Portugal’s export performance over the past decade has been impressive, helping to reduce external imbalances. This … partly owed to a sequence of structural reforms that benefited the productivity of the export sector and led to an increase … competition-enhancing reforms to the port sector. To further differentiate and improve Portuguese export products, skills in the …