This paper takes stock of informal employment in Russia analysing its incidence and determinants. Using the regular … measures of informal employment and demonstrates that the incidence varies widely across the different definitions. We also … show that the determinants of informal employment are roughly stable across the different measures: workers who are males …

Services trade has become increasingly important, yet its impact on employment has been understudied at present. This … employment and wages in the United Kingdom. It finds that firms can benefit from services trade, through increased employment …

workers are affected the most, how employment and wages adjust to increased services trade, and the impact of policy settings … associated positively with firm employment in advanced and emerging market economies, although the relationship is more uncertain …

market outcomes. There has been no progress in shrinking the gender employment gap since 2009, and women, particularly … the age of eligibility for public pensions to life expectancy would boost growth by increasing employment of older … labour market spending have the potential to increase employment. …