Employees' incentive to invest in their task proficiency depends on the likelihood that they will execute the same tasks in the future. Changes in tasks can be warranted as a result of technological progress and changes in firm strategy as well as from fine-tuning job design and from monitoring...

Resolving the tension between theories E and O of change / Michael Beer & Nitin Nohria -- Purpose of change. Value maximization and the corporate objective function / Michael C. Jensen -- The puzzles and paradoxes of how living companies create wealth: why single-valued objective functions are...