German counties covering the years 2003 to 2009, I estimate the effect of unemployment on crime rates for different kind of … of variation which are exogenous to the change in crime within each county to construct an instrumental variable for …

To what extent, and under what conditions, does access to arms fuel violent crime? To answer this question, we exploit … increases in homicides, gun-related homicides and crime gun seizures in the post-2004 period. Second, the magnitude of this … cartels and entrenched local governments, highlighting the role of political instability in mediating the gun-crime …