Development of countries and regions is possible thanks to their adequate infrastructure. The globalization of economic processes has contributed to the increase in the intensity of the movement of all kinds of goods, which is possible due to the transport infrastructure. Transport is one of the...

Abstract: This paper deals with a special vehicle routing problem with backhauls where each customer receives items from a depot and, at the same time, returns items back to the depot. Moreover, time windows are assumed and three-dimensional loading constraints are to be observed, i.e. the items...