, deregulatory policies including soft regulation are the dominant policy in “black” areas, where several independent infrastructure … new fiber-based communications infrastructure. Since such investment is expected to induce substantial positive …

category with an average PCNSDP much above India’s, and they managed to grow in terms of their infrastructure endowments. They …India witnessed high levels of growth in the last decade but national levels of poverty and inequality remain high …. Infrastructure provision is seen as a particularly important instrument for helping in regional development where government can play …

Poorly maintained public infrastructure is common in low- and middle-income countries, with consequences for service …

adequate infrastructure exists within their community. This study uses data from the 2013 Chinese Household Finance Survey to … investigate how the infrastructure affects the usage of formal bank loans for both urban and rural households in the People …'s Republic of China (PRC). The analysis is extended to investigate the impacts of the infrastructure on non-bank loans. The …

We examine the evolution of infrastructure, and the impact of infrastructure investment, in middleincome countries … (MICs). We document how different types of infrastructure stocks, as well as infrastructure investment, vary with the level … provision of infrastructure varies across development stages; there is a focus on basic infrastructure, such as transport, water …