trap. -- Unemployment ; Non-Participation ; Skill Degradation ; Re-training ; Unemployment Bene?ts ; Social Assistance …We develop a simple model of labor market participation, human capital degradation, and re-training. We focus on how … non-participation, as a distinct state from unemployment and employment, is determined by the welfare system in …

costs influence insider wages and outsiders' opportunities and how these costs affect employment and unemployment. We also … address the more complex, and open, question of how employment and unemployment move through time, in response to labor market …

We present a proposal for reforming unemployment assistance in Germany through the introduction of unemployment … accounts (UAs). Instead of paying taxes that finance the unemployment assistance, employed people make ongoing contributions to … their UAs and can make withdrawals from these accounts during periods of unemployment. The aim of this policy proposal is to …

We explore the implications of replacing current unemployment benefit (UB) systems by unemployment accounts (UA). Under … the UA system, employed people would be required to make ongoing contributions to their unemployment accounts, and the … balances in these accounts would then be available to them during periods of unemployment. The government would be able to …

The unemployment rate in Estonia rose sharply in 2010 to one of the highest levels in the EU, after the country entered … would facilitate the structural transformation and reduce the long-term unemployment rate. Linking increases in unemployment …

The unemployment rate in Estonia rose sharply in 2010 to one of the highest levels in the EU, after the country entered … would facilitate the structural transformation and reduce the long-term unemployment rate. Linking increases in unemployment …

The paper examines the relative effectiveness of two policy proposals in reducing unemployment and working poverty …: unemployment vouchers and low-wage subsidies. The unemployment vouchers are targeted exclusively at the unemployed (especially the … workers are (i.e. the more their wages rise with employment duration), the more effective will unemployment vouchers be …