. Measure-explicit marginal abatement cost curves depict the cost and abating potential of available mitigation options. Using a …-in and make the 2050 target too expensive to reach. Designing mitigation policies requires information on the speed at which …

sufficient progress to stabilizing the climate therefore requires ratcheting up near-term mitigation action but doing so among …

policies on long-term mitigation targets. We define a weak-policy baseline scenario, which extrapolates the current policy … the weak policy pathway until 2020 or 2030 before pursuing the long-term mitigation target with global cooperative action … investments in fossil-based capacities, (c) higher long-term mitigation costs and carbon prices and (d) stronger transitional …

mitigation strategies, which are based on market‐oriented policies. The analysis compares Brazilian bioethanol, Costa Rican …