pre-existing trends in empowerment. It is also robust to alternative treatment definitions and confirmed by triple …

of reducing poverty and hunger. Thus, the overall objective of this study is to support the applied empowerment research … requirements and to scientific findings from empowerment research, farmer organizations (FO) could become one of the innovative key … actors, increasing the competitiveness of their members SMEs’ and reducing poverty, its impacts and its costs. The aim of …

's empowerment when structural causes of disempowerment, external to the household, are present and significant. …

evaluating their effectiveness. We conduct two randomized field experiments among low-income micro-entrepreneurs in Chile. The …