This article aims to establish how Muslim identities in Germany have been constructed by others and how they differ … from realities. Muslim communities have often been viewed with suspicion by majority ethnic groups in European nation … universal rights and gender equality and give political space to ethnic minorities. Mainstream portrayals of Muslim identities …

Antman and Duncan (2014, 2015) document how racial identity responds to state affirmative action policy. The main … contribution of our work was to show that racial identity responds to state affirmative action policy. A coding error was recently … identity responds to state affirmative action policy, albeit with a different conclusion for multiracial blacks, and are now …

I examine whether after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 Muslim immigrants and immigrants who fit the Muslim … Arab stereotype in Australia perceive a greater increase in religious and racial intolerance and discrimination compared to … after 9/11 there is a greater increase in the likelihood of Muslim men and of those who look like Muslims to report a lot of …

employment-population ratios and hours worked of very young (ages 16 to 25) Muslim men fell. By 2004, most losses had begun to … dissipate. The employment-population ratios and hours worked of older Muslim men experienced little deterioration. -- Muslim ; 9 …

broader trends in racial disparities, and the emerging literature on the construction of race and individual identity. …It is almost universally assumed that race is an exogenously given trait that is not subject to change. But as race is …