The aim of this paper is to provide a detailed overview of the domestic policy changes affecting privately owned businesses in Hungary during the reign of the 2nd and 3rd Orbán governments. After careful selection and omission of the less important measures, 36 examples are discussed. Their...

Seventy years ago, three years after World War II, the bulk of the Hungarian manufacturing industry was taken over by the then ruling coalition government. This was the culminating point of a process of elite change, which started at the very beginning of 1945. It was perceived then by the...

This paper presents a brief account of the Hungarian renationalization and recentralization process under the 2nd and 3nd government of Prime Minister Viktor Orbán (2010–2018). Under his autocratic rule, Hungary, the former leading reform country in Central and Eastern Europe has made a sharp...

One of the intriguing questions of our times is the importance of the centralization and nationalization campaigns of the 2nd and 3rd Orbán-government carried out since 2010. In an earlier working paper - Mihalyi (2015) - I demonstrated that similar policy steps were occasionally taken in other...

This study is a natural continuation of the author fs earlier book on privatization in Hungary, covering the developments between 1989 and 2009 on 1700 pages. As it is well-known, the right wing FIDESZ government, which came to power with a 2/3 supermajority in Parliament, has embarked upon a...