inuencing energy prices and costs such as developments in global energy markets, the EU ETS and the promotion of renewables …. Analysing energy costs (prices times quantity) instead of prices has the advantage of taking into account quantity adjustments …. However, it does not allow for monitoring the burden which energy costs pose on firms. For this purpose, both the European …

As documented by empirical research, tax compliance costs are a considerable burden for private businesses. However … compliance costs. …

This study examines the relevance of Brazilian domestic transportation and logistics processes for agricultural bulk … exports in terms of costs and CO2 emissions between farm gate and seaport, using the example of soybeans. To estimate the … impact of logistics and transportation on the competitiveness of soybeans in a national comparison, export processes starting …