This paper aims to investigate the effects of urbanization, renewable and non-renewable energy consumption, trade …, urbanization, and trade liberalization reduce emissions, linear estimations do not confirm such outcomes. Thus, substitution of non …-renewable for renewable energy consumption, as well as cautious and planned urbanization programs, and more liberal trading regimes …

goods from China into the EU to examine possible increases in carbon leakage from 2005 to 2009. Results show that while …

This paper analyzes the impact of urbanization on CO2 emissions within the STIRPAT framework over the period 1971 to … results robustly show an inverted N-shaped relationship between urbanization and CO2 emissions in the long-term associated … urbanization tend to reduce CO2 emissions in the long-term. The estimated turning point for the urbanization ratio after which CO2 …

role of urbanization, coal consumption and CO2 emissions as additional variables to avoid omitted variable bias. The … a driver of economic advancement. The empirical study shows a bidirectional causal effect between urbanization and …

pollution through urbanisation and energy consumption channel in 33 African nations between 1996 and 2020. Our study considers … environmental pollution, (ii) energy consumption accelerates environmental degradation, (iii) regulatory quality can partially … mediate pollution in Africa via urbanisation and energy consumption channels, and (iv) The interaction of regulatory quality …