We examine recent claims that a particular Q-learning algorithm used by competitors 'autonomously' and systematically … detailed analysis of the inner workings of this algorithm reveals that there is no immediate reason for alarm. We set out what … is needed to demonstrate the existence of a colluding price algorithm that does form a threat to competition. …

well-established self-learning algorithm) learns to profitably coordinate on either a fixed price or on asymmetric price …

algorithm. Resulting price zone configurations are compared to both exogenously given, expert-based price zone configurations … from the Entso-E bidding zone study and endogenously assessed configurations from a hierarchical cluster algorithm. Results … show that the genetic algorithm achieves best results in terms of system costs. Moreover, the comparison with solutions …

pricing. We simulate a self-learning algorithm setting personalized prices based on additional information about consumer … show that the algorithm learns to charge different, revenue-maximizing prices and simultaneously increase fairness in terms …