To date, there is limited understanding about the consequences of wartime dynamics for post-war state … armed groups govern territories and civilians within them-that under certain circumstances may be harnessed in the post-war … the type of statebuilding and political regime trajectories that emerge in the post-war period. …

of war; 2) given the war, what explains the reduction in economic growth in terms physical capital, labor force, human … capital, and productivity; and 3) what potential growth scenarios for Syria there could be in the aftermath of war. Estimates …

-stage game with three competing importers, where fi rst, two of the countries decide on whether to initiate war against each …), but could render the eruption of war between member and non-member countries more likely (peace diversion). This paper is … literature to endogenize countries terms of trade. We use data from the Correlates of War project to empirically test these …

The full-scale invasion of Ukraine and the ongoing war have caused and continue causing damages of devastating …. Reconstruction will require a mix of emergency measures dealing with the legacies of the war and structural reforms addressing pre …