The Philippines became independent in 1946 but its legal and constitutional framework was erected in the 1935 … Constitution. The 1987 Constitution did little to change these provisions in the midst of economic reforms that were undertaken to … constitution have played the role of iron economic laws because of their relative permanence in the legal framework. These …

constitutional compliance, i.e. have governments that respect and enforce the promises made in their country's constitution. At the …

, whereas military dictatorships perform the worst. Although compliance is not determined by a constitution's breadth … the constitution achieve higher compliance levels. …

influence, let alone contest, a national referendum on a new constitution because, if they didn't like the result, they would …-sourced constitution bill from 2009 to 2014, and also offers an explanation as to why the bill failed to be passed by Parliament …

's constitution. Using historical data dating back to the 19th century and applying a difference-in-difference approach we find that … instrumenting the probability of having budget rules on de jure constraints on changing the constitution. This and other tests …

constitutional bill are impossible to establish, an analysis of the Icelandic constitution-writing efforts as 'digital democracy …' reveals some important lessons. High-quality input into constitution-making processes through digital participation is …