The European Commission mandated the consulting firm CE Delft to develop a framework for the internalisation of external costs and to devise a number of potential internalisation scenarios for further analysis. The results of their preliminary research are published in a CE discussion paper, and...

This paper investigates the effectiveness of the new Council Regulation (EC) 1/2003 which replaces the mandatory notification and authorization system by a legal exception system. Effectiveness is operationalized via the two subcriteria compliance to Art. 81 EC Treaty and the probabilities of...

This paper (1) investigates Hayek's proposition that law in the sense of universal rules of conduct and property are the only solution to the problem of reconciling indi-vidual freedom with the absence of conflict. It (2) argues that the test of the compatibility with the inherited body of law...

Taking the fundamental and comprehensive reform of EU competition policy which embodies a shift from a formalistic regulatory approach towards a more economic approach as a point of departure, this article argues that it is time for antitrust policy to move beyond structural understandings of...

It is the purpose of the paper to shed light on the question to what extent there is a need for a unified contract law in the European Union. The paper outlines a concept of constitutional uncertainty in international trade and presents a model of international transactions in the presence of a...