Africa (MENA) and the highly developed countries widened. However, the differences between Arab countries and the Western … empirical analysis demonstrates the effects of institutions on income, and a historical case study explains the divergent …

governance mechanisms in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), which is a relatively unexplored region in the literature … foreign investors from within the MENA region and positively influence their impact on firm performance. The second study … investigates the impact of government ownership on internationalization strategies from the MENA amid the region’s perilous and …