Social preferences for the punishment of free riders are critical for generating cooperative behavior in human society. Focusing on the receiving fees of Japan's public broadcaster, this study analyses how punishment of free riders, that is, the strengthening of legal responses against them,...

I analyze the effects of ethnic divisions on the provision of public goods. Using OpenStreetMap data, I construct a new global dataset of locations of public amenities, such as schools, hospital and libraries. I allow for the possibility that the data may be systematically incomplete using two...

As the cable system accomplishing 100% digitalization in Taiwan, NCC (National Communications Commission) proposes an unbundled pricing mechanism to allow consumers to choose the cable television channels that they actually watch. This study conducted an online survey and 1358 effective...

Spectrum management decisions made by the regulators aim at maximizing the value of spectrum, its efficient utilization and benefits to the society. A major debate in spectrum management globally is currently focusing on 5G spectrum bands and their awards. In fact, several countries have...

Lotka-Volterra equations which equivalent to the replicator equation in evolutionary game theory under mathematical dynamic ecosystem model will provide the new basic behavior of network services. The FTTH-DSL market in Japan shifted from the co-existence model of horizontal market to the...