Alike most of the Western world, the Danish fertility rate declined throughout the 20th century simultaneous to … economic growth. This development, which conflicts with economic intuition, has been denoted the fertility paradox, and several … the fertility rate during the years 1982 to 2004. Several factors commonly believed to explain the variation in the …

with a slow entrance into the sustained fertility decline that characterized the first demographic transition. The South … of fertility is a demographic trend that accompanies regional development, revealing changes in societal values, in the … among young people, and the persistence of emigration. We conclude that the persistence of high fertility levels during …

of the North predominantly live in rural areas of the Arctic zone. Positive dynamics fertility has been accompanied by … active healthy living, migration managements, strengthen the family and increase fertility in marriage. Demographic processes …

This study provides the first empirical evidence of the causal impact of fertility outcomes on old-age labor supply, by … exogenous instruments of fertility. The results show strong impact of children on preventing old parents from strenuous works at …