Financial markets are perplexed by economic functioning, policies undertaken by the then government which is determined by elections wherein civilians interact and create noise that adds predictable bias while evaluating portfolios. This chapter takes the stand against the possibility of...

The paper investigates the effect of local electoral rules on the political participation of the residents, as reflected in voter turnout. It focuses on Italy, where municipal voting schemes are differentiated by the size of the city: a single ballot system applies to municipalities with less...