The firms prefer the lean production in the competitive environment, discard the stages and processes that do not create value by aiming at diversity in commodity and service provision. Accordingly, the relationships between the suppliers and customers become prominent and the firms that abandon...

This paper reviews the on-going research trends of the ongoing researches conducted in various disciplines on Massive Open Online Course, or MOOC. The background overview on MOOC is organized descriptively and chronologically from the materials collected from the late 2000s to the current days....