The aim of the study is to assess the role of English-language capabilities in leveraging career of a scholar whose first language is other than English and who faces challenges connected with contemporary expectations towards European scholars concerning publishing in top-tier English-language...

Women are underrepresented in leadership positions - academia is no exception. Using data on careers of doctoral graduates in Germany, we study gender differences in the decision to stay at university as a postdoctoral researcher and in the intention to become a professor. We find that gender...

Occupational positions can explain an important part of the differences in pay between men and women. However, a considerable Gender Pay Gap exists even within the same occupational position. In this paper, we aim at understanding the reasons for the gap within occupational positions and,...

Empirical studies show that women are under-represented in highly paid top management positions of firms (glass-ceiling effect) which could be a cause of the gender wage gap. In order to study women's career paths, we develop a search and matching model where job ladders consist of three...

Despite increasing educational attainment and greater labor market participation of women in the last decades, occupational segregation and gender differences in employment patterns remain stable. While men continue to have fairly stable employment patterns, women’s occupational trajectories...