find sizeable effects of VAT measures on consumption (esp. durables) with a multiplier larger than one on GDP and can match …

-year multiplier of 2 during uncertain periods. In contrast, the multiplier is about 1 in times of high unemployment and about 0:5 - 0 …

partisan differences to the less-polarized pre-Reagan era would increase the transfer multiplier by about 30 cents per dollar …, and variation in governor's partisan composition similarly lead to variation in the multiplier of around to 20 cents …