When a conflict breaks out, warring states' bond prices generally experience sharp declines. As military defeat may prompt the winner to ask for reparations, bonds issued by the losing party are usually even more affected. By contrast, during the Second Anglo-Boer War (1899-1902), the prices of...

After 2008, the Southern European economies suffered a strong and persistent increase in unemployment. Rising government bond spreads necessitated the implementation of austerity policies. Austerity however, may increase unemployment. If workers lose human capital during unemployment spells, the...

Using a unique dataset, which combines bank organizational variables, information on lending techniques, firms' credit demand and others balance sheet indicators, we investigate the impact of lending organization on credit dynamics during the crisis period. Our main findings suggest that the...