Air quality is one of the major concerns in big cities. It is therefore of interest to evaluate properly air pollution. Specifically, this paper aims at measuring how air quality is incorporated in transaction prices in downtown Madrid. For that purpose, we use multilevel models since our sample...

It is widely believed that an environmental tax (price regulation) and cap-and-trade (quantity regulation) are equally efficient in controlling pollution when there is no uncertainty. We show that this is not the case if some consumers (firms, local governments) are morally concerned about...

Economic measures are advanced to environmental problems in EU nations. The economic approach imposes a constant economic load on activities negatively affecting the environment, and it is also a technique for giving a constant profit for activities conserving the environment. The whole society...

The shared bicycles had become an important choice for Beijing citizens to travel "the last kilometer" on a daily basis. By replacing buses and cars, sharing bicycles can reduce urban carbon emissions, and only occupy a small area of parking space, thus improving urban land use efficiency. A...